Evaluation of the Glugla method for estimating évapotranspiration and groundwater recharge

نویسندگان

  • JAMES V. BONTA
  • MIKE MÙLLER
چکیده

Estimates of groundwater recharge are often needed for a variety of groundwater resource evaluation purposes. A method for estimating long-term groundwater recharge and actual évapotranspiration not known in the English literature is presented. The method uses long-term average annual precipitation, runoff, potential evaporation, and crop-yield information, and uses empirical parameter curves that depend on soil and crop types to determine long-term average annual groundwater recharge {GWR). The method is tested using historic lysimeter records from 10 lysimeters at Coshocton, Ohio, USA. Considering the coarse information required, the method provides good estimates of groundwater recharge and actual évapotranspiration, and is sensitive to a range of cropping and land-use conditions. Problems with practical application of the technique are mentioned, including the need for further testing using given parameter curves, and for incorporating parameters that describe current farming practices and other land uses. The method can be used for urban conditions, and can be incorporated into a GIS framework for rapid, large-area, spatially-distributed estimations of GWR. An example application of the method is given. Evaluation de la méthode Glugla pour estimer l'évapotranspiration et la recharge de la nappe phréatique Résumé II est souvent nécessaire d'évaluer le renouvellement de la nappe phréatique pour apprécier les ressources en eau du sous-sol. Nous présentons ici une méthode d'estimation du renouvellement à long terme des eaux souterraines et de l'évapotranspiration réelle inédite dans la bibliographie anglophone. Cette méthode utilise des données concernant les précipitations moyennes annuelles à long terme, les écoulements de surface, 1'evaporation potentielle et le rendement des cultures, ainsi que sur des courbes paramétrées empiriques qui dépendent des types de sol et de culture afin de déterminer le renouvellement moyen annuel à long terme de la nappe phréatique {GWR). La méthode peut être utilisée pour apprécier la variabilité spatiale du renouvellement des eaux souterraines. Elle a été expérimentée à partir d'une base de données recueillie sur dix lysimètres de Coshocton dans l'Ohio. Compte tenu des données élémentaires requises, la méthode fournit une bonne estimation du renouvellement des eaux souterraines et de l'évapotranspiration réelle et rend compte de toute une gamme de conditions culturales et d'utilisation des sols. Les problèmes liés à l'application de cette méthode sont aussi abordés, y compris la nécessité d'expériences supplémentaires sur les courbes paramétrées, et la nécessité d'introduire de nouveaux paramètres décrivant les utilisations actuelles et potentielles des sols. La méthode peut-être utilisée en milieu urbain et peut être incorporée dans un SIG pour estimer la distribution spatiale des variations rapides à grande échelle de la nappe phréatique. Un exemple d'application de la méthode est présenté.

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تاریخ انتشار 1999